The Types of CPAP Masks
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) utilizes a device that maintains a continuous positive pressure of air within the airways, keeping them open and available for oxygen diffusion. CPAP is used primarily on people who have respiratory problems that hinder their breathing such as sleep apnea. CPAP utilizes various headgear, straps, tubing and water chambers in order to humidify and deliver air but the CPAP mask is what is most integral to this device. A CPAP mask can come in all different shapes and sizes that can be tailored to a patient’s comfort level or lifestyle.
One of the most popular and oldest types of CPAP masks is the nasal CPAP mask. This mask seals the area around the nose in a silicone or gel triangle, which is attached to the head via a four point head gear system. Another type of popular CPAP mask is the nasal pillow mask. Nasal pillow CPAP masks seal only the nares at the base of the nose and are held on with a simple band around the head. This type of mask has a minimal amount of weight and material on the face and allows the mouth to be free. Nasal pillow CPAP masks should be monitored, as they might irritate the nares of the wearer. Nasal prong CPAP masks may also irritate the nares but provide lightweight and non-constrictive CPAP therapy. Nasal prong masks seal off the nares and are held on by headgear encircling the crown of the head.
Full face CPAP masks seal the nose and mouth in a triangle. They are held onto the face similarly to the nasal CPAP mask via four point head gear. This type of mask is used primarily for those who breathe through the nose and mouth during sleep. They are heavier and bulkier than most other types of CPAP masks and are generally saved for people who have not had success with nasal masks alone. Total Face CPAP masks seal in a large circular area of the whole face and are also held in place by four point head gear. Some people leak air through their eyes and necessitate this type of CPAP mask.
Other options of CPAP masks include oral and hybrid varieties. Oral masks seal the mouth only and is commonly used for people with chronic nasal congestion. These oral masks have flaps that rest between the teeth and over the lips to stabilize them against the patient. Hybrid CPAP masks seal off a rectangular area covering both the nares and the mouth. They have the same functional ability as a full face mask without the bulk or restriction of covering the entire face.
Choosing the right type of CPAP mask is essential in the effectiveness of CPAP therapy. Inappropriately fitting masks can come loose or fall off during the night. Uncomfortable CPAP masks are detrimental in that patients are not receiving the full benefits of CPAP and are constantly awakened during the night. CPAP masks can be fitted and recommended by a physician or sleep specialist.
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